Lymphocyte phenotype during severe sepsis and septic shock

Introduction Two major immuno-inflammatory phases are well documented during sepsis: an early active inflammatory phase regulated followed by a deactivated inflammatory phase leading to immunosuppression. Innate immunity, such as monocyte HLA-DR expression (mHLA-DR), has been shown constantly and rapidly decreased. Adaptive immunity modifications have been reported, this appeared less documented, particularly in comparison with healthy volunteers which have been rarely reported.